How to Reduce Avoidance in PTSD

How to Reduce Avoidance in PTSD PTSD Coping Print How to Reduce Avoidance in PTSD By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Martin Dimitrov / Getty Images Learning how to reduce avoidance in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be an important part of PTSD treatment. Avoidance can be a central symptom of PTSD. Avoidance often occurs as a result of someone trying to limit contact with triggers for anxiety, fear, or memories and thoughts about a traumatic event. This is understandable as these emotions and thoughts can be incredibly distressing. However, not all situations, people, or places can be avoided. And triggers also can present themselves unexpectedly. They are all around. In addition, avoidance only works for a short time. Over the long haul, avoidance generally becomes more severe and it can cause your PTSD symptoms to worsen. As a result, avoidance is a symptom of PTSD that can greatly interfere with the quality of your life. How to Reduce Your Avoidance Behavior Breaking down avoidance behavior is not an easy thing to do. However, there are steps you can take to start reducing your avoidance behavior now. Follow the steps below and start taking back your life from your PTSD symptoms. Spend a week monitoring your behavior. Pay attention to what situations, people or places trigger your PTSD symptoms and lead to avoidance behavior. Write down as much information as you can about what it was in your environment that triggered avoidance and what you did to avoid the situation.At the end of the week, on a new sheet of paper, make three columns. In the first column, write down the numbers 0 through 10. These numbers are going to refer to your level of fear or distress associated with being in a certain situation. In the second column, organize the situations, people, or places that you avoid based on the level of fear or distress that they cause for you. You can have more than one situation, person, or place for each number. What you are doing here is essentially creating a fear hierarchy (as is done in exposure therapy for PTSD). In the final column, write down specific behaviors you can engage in to start approaching these situations. It is important that you dont ju st write down the opposite of the avoidance behavior. For example, if you wrote down in the second column that you avoid going to the grocery store due to fears of large crowds, you dont want to just write down in the third column, Go to the grocery store. It is not that easy. Instead, write down a series of behaviors that you can engage in that will allow you to slowly start approaching feared situations. For example, if you fear going to the grocery store, you might first write down, Drive to the grocery store and sit in the parking lot. Once you are successful with that step, you might then move to going into the store for just 5 minutes. Once successful with that step, you might then go shopping for 20 minutes during a time when the store is not busy, and so on. Break down all of your approach behaviors into concrete, well-defined steps.Once you have your list completed, start at the bottom of the list (with situations listed as causing zero fear or distress) and begin tackling those situations. Take your time. There is no rush. Once you feel as though you have accomplished a situation, move on to the next one. With each step, you will slowly build up your confidence and the easier it will become. Some Points to Consider It is important that you make sure you practice anxiety-reduction coping techniques when engaging in this exercise. It is very important that you do not avoid while doing these exercises. If you notice that your anxiety spikes during the exercise, stay in the situation and use healthy coping skills to allow the anxiety to naturally reduce on its own. It may also be helpful to start doing these exercises with a friend or source of support. However, you dont always want to have someone with you when you do these exercises. Doing so may prevent you from feeling as though you can approach situations on your own. If you arent initially successful in approaching a situation  dont give up. Breaking down avoidance behavior is a very difficult thing to do and it can take some time. If you get stuck on a certain step, try to break down the approach behavior into even smaller steps. The most important thing is that you keep trying. Even a little forward progress can have a tremendous impact on your life. Finally, when you have fully approached a situation that you used to avoid, make sure you reward yourself. Overcoming avoidance behavior is not an easy thing to do. Therefore, it is important to recognize your accomplishment.

Tattoos Should Be Allowed in the Workplace Essay - 1507 Words

In today’s world there are several occupations one may choose from once receiving an education. Whether a person wants to be a doctor, a teacher, or a business person, one should be able to use their education to gain access to that job. Getting a job is no easy task, for there are many people who are also searching for that same job. Employers will interview many people just to find the right one and often times will have many stand-out applications to evaluate. When it comes down to making a decision, something as simple as having a tattoo could ruin every hope one has of getting the job. One may ask, â€Å"why does having a tattoo ruin ones chance of getting a job?† A tattoo would ruin one’s chances at getting a job simply because it is†¦show more content†¦Tattoos are often times gang affiliated for members to show loyalty to the gang. Simply having a tattoo could potentially raise eyebrows from peers and employers. A situation in 2002 led to a polic e officer being forced to wear long sleeves and pants to conceal his tattoos. The department, which allowed for it’s officers to have tattoos, decided to make one officer hide his tattoos because â€Å"[they] were so excessive as to be unprofessional.† The tattoos that were being prohibitedd included â€Å"a Celtic tribal band, a Celtic design with his wife’s name, a mermaid, a family crest, the cartoon character Jessica Rabbitt, and, on his back, a two-foot by two-foot full-color rendering of St. Michael spearing Satan.† One can only wonder why one man’s tattoos are considered unprofessional while other’s are not. Although there are people who are quick to judge and view tattoos in a bad light, there are also the people who keep an open mind and see it for the art that it is. Tattoos have become an up and coming trend leaving employers less likely to have tattoos. Many employees, being the heart of the modern day generation, have tattoos d ue to the increasing trend. This leaves possible employers in a situation requiring them to decide whether or not to allow tattoos. More and more employers are seeing past the typical views on tattoos and allowing their employees toShow MoreRelatedEssay about Are Tattoos Appropriate in the Workplace954 Words   |  4 Pages Title: Are Tattoos Appropriate in the Workplace? AIU ENG106 October 25, 2014 Abstract Topic: Can having tattoos stop you from getting the job you want? Intervention Strategy: I used brainstorming for my essay. I came up with ideas to explain about tattoos in the workplace. Tattoos can stop you from getting the job you want. I feel that having a tattoo does not stop you from performing the job you are supposed to do. Does having a tattoo prevent you from doing your work? Why are some employersRead MoreTattoos Piercings in the Workplace Essay878 Words   |  4 PagesTattoos amp; Piercings in the Workplace PHI221 Shelley Hipps College America Abstract This paper focuses on the subject of whether or not tattoos and piercings should be allowed in the workplace. There are a lot of resources arguing that they should not be allowed, but this research maintains the point that they should be more accepted in the workplace these days. This paper concludes by discussing how tattoos and piercings are much more of an artistic expression rather than a form of rebellionRead MoreAre Tattoos At The Workplace A Distraction?834 Words   |  4 PagesDear Springfield Police Department, Are tattoos in the workplace a distraction? Some people agree and some disagree. Are tattoos just something that people get for attention? Sally Pearman once said, â€Å"I think that there is a different perception of people with alternative looks in the workplace.† There seems to be more behind tattoos that people do not see. Some specific jobs do not allow visible body art while doing business because it can affect their company in a negative way. Specifically,Read MoreTattoos And Piercings : Work Environments1417 Words   |  6 Pages Tattoos and Piercings in Work Environments â€Å"According to a 2010 Pew Research report, about 23% of adults born between 1981 and 1991 have piercings other than their earlobe† (Pfeifer, Web). Also, in 2012, 2 in 10 adults in the United States reported to have at least one tattoo. That number has increased to 3 in 10 adults just last year in 2015 (Shannon-Missal, Web). The prevalence of tattoos and piercings have increased dramatically over the past few decades, especially in teens and young adultsRead MoreEssay on Tattoos in the Workplace1404 Words   |  6 Pages Tattoos have been around for quite some time now, and they have always been a symbol of belonging, cultural expression or for religion. These days, individuals choose to tattoo themselves because it is part of their lifestyle or personal image. While continuing to grow in popularity and becoming a lifestyle, people are facing issues with having visible tattoos in the workforce. Although it is a form of free expression, employers have a right to enforce certain rules about tattoos in their companyRead MoreTattoos And Its Effects On Society1355 Words   |  6 Pages Tattoos have been around for ages they are done either for cultural expression or religion. Tattoos for most people is a way to express themselves, some people even get them in memory of a loved one that is not around anymore. People with visible tattoos are facing issues in getting hired and keeping a job. Every employer has different policies and rules about visible tattoos in the workplace and is allowed to enforce it any way they can to keep their positive company image. It is important howRead MoreTattoos in the Workplace Essay916 Words   |  4 PagesTattoos in the Workplace Christina Responsive-Final Draft April 4, 2013 There is always a lot of controversy when it comes to tattoos. Most people instantly have an opinion of them; they are either for or against tattoos. What is not realized is the fact that there is a ton of time and effort put into the sketching and placement of a tattoo. People tattoo themselves as a way of self-expression and liberation. Unfortunately, in the business world, most executives do not believe there is suchRead MoreThe Importance Of Tattoos721 Words   |  3 Pagesgigantic tattoo of a skull on his forearm. He did not think that a simple birthday gift would hinder him from landing this new job at a very popular law firm at the age of twenty-six. Tattoos have become a new trend for the generation today. In some work places, there are strict rules on having tattoos. A tattoo can cost you a certain position or it can even hinder you from getting a job. I do not think having tattoos are big deals and it should not determine a persons work ethic. Every tattoo has aRead MoreShould Body Modifications Be Allowed?1226 Words   |  5 PagesIndividuals should be able to express themselves without having limitations as to which occupation they have because modifications do not harm customers or others, they are people who need jobs like the rest of us, and it is unfair. Often, when most people hear the words â€Å" body modifications† they think about the huge plates in people’s ears or lips. Most people fail to realize that body modifications can be as simple as tanning, dieting, or more drastic, plastic surgery. As society develops, bodyRead MoreTattoos Have Been Popular Throughout Time All Over The World Essay1425 Words   |  6 PagesTattoos have been popular throughout time all over the world. Yet, rumors have it that tattoos are a modern day trend that originated in prison. Tattooing actually dates back to five thousand years ago. They have not just become some new pop culture fad. Prehistoric clans, ancient Egyptians, Native Americans, sailors, circus people, royalty, celebrities, and plenty of young adults today have all participated in some form of body art. Tattooing has played a significant role in mythologies and customs

What Effective Practice Really Means - 1690 Words

In everyday life if we want to improve on something that we have done, we must be open to reflection, so that we can identify our strengths and weaknesses and find areas that can be improved on. As the GTCNI competence Framework states, â€Å"Teachers should keep curricular, subject and pedagogical knowledge up-to-date through reflection, self-study and collaboration with colleagues.† (Internet source 1) By taking this into consideration it is then evident that just like in everyday life, if teachers want to become truly effective practitioners they must develop their capacity for critically reflecting upon their practice. No person every stops learning, so no matter how long someone has been teaching, time must be given to reflect upon their†¦show more content†¦Teaching requires a combination of both the subject knowledge and an understanding of effective practice for it to be effective within the classroom. From my own experience out on the school serial days, one of the main things I noticed was that teaching involved a whole lot more than just teaching the curriculum to the pupils. All students have different methods of learning and within the classroom there is a wide range of abilities. So it is the teacher’s responsibility to ensure that all students are given the opportunity to reach their full potential, in order for them to be truly effective practitioners. On the other hand reflective practice can be seen as the central aspect of the teaching and learning process. Boyd and Fayles (1983:1) defined reflective practice as, â€Å"learning is the process of internally examining and exploring an issue of concern, triggered by an experience, which creates and clarifies meaning in terms of self, and which results in a changed conceptual perspective.† Schon believes that there are two aspects to reflective practice: reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action. Schon, D. A. (1983), [cited in

Nursing Experiencing Mentorship Reflection of Practice Free Essays

Through out the years the nursing profession has changed, through evidence based practice, and nursing research the profession has elevated. Nurses have the tremendous responsibility of human lives in their hands, and as such the demand for clinical competence is essential. Academic education is a part of the journey however, as nursing is a practical profession there is also need for assimilation between the theory learnt and the practical profession. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Experiencing Mentorship Reflection of Practice or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mentorship provides the help for this assimilation, and therefore helps the student nurse to develop their clinical competence. Mentorship refers to a relationship between two individuals; one more experienced who is referred to as the mentor, who helps the other less experienced individual, referred to as the mentee. Mentors serve as a catalyst to transform as they instruct, council, guide and facilitate the development of another (1. Allen, 2006). The mentor-mentee relationship is one of guidance and understanding that leads to professional, as well as personal growth.Due to the nature of the nursing profession, nurses often times find themselves in ethical dilemmas. These situations have no clear right or wrong choice, and the nurse is guided by personal ethics and values. The goal of mentoring in nursing is to help the student nurse along the difficult path of gaining experience, to become a knowledgeable, confident, self-actualized, member of the health care profession. Mentoring goes beyond teaching knowledge or skills, or the mere passing on of information; it is a complex nurturing, developing and empowering relationship, that requires mutual learning, sharing, and growing (1.Allen, 2006). Mentors provide the psychosocial support that can be pivotal to the future career of graduate nurses. Benefits of Mentoring The benefits of mentoring are tremendous to both the mentor and mentee. The graduate mentee nurse potentially gains; self-confidence and self esteem, career success and advancement, increased personal and professional satisfaction, and preparation for leadership roles (3. Bean, 2005). The mentor potentially gains the personal satisfaction of helping an individual through the tumultuous novice period, and satisfaction in knowing that ultimately the profession has been strengthened.From the mentors point of view they can sharpen their skill and achieve a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction (1. Allen, 2006). As human beings intrinsically there is a need to help our fellow humans in times of turmoil and distress. To nurture those with less experience, knowing that the career and life of not only that individual; but the clients nursed by that individual, as well as future graduate nurses that individual may come in contact with through out his/her career, is in itself a reward.Knowledge and understanding are gifts that we can not quantify; their values are so great, and that is what a mentor gives. â€Å"It was through the efforts of my leader that I had the courage to report to work everyday. In addition to being my manager, she served as my teacher and mentor. Education could not have prepared me for that horrific experience (2. Emerson 2005). † The statement expressed the feelings of one graduate nurse, who through the efforts of her mentor was able to excel in the nursing career, and went on to become a successful leader.Mentoring is the linchpin of recruitment and retention where everyone is guaranteed to benefit (1. Allen, 2006). Mentoring is a cohesive source of support and stability that is imperative to the future of the nursing profession. Mentorship has received a great deal of attention in nursing recently, much of it due to the increasing nursing shortage and the need to quickly assimilate new graduates into the fast pace of today’s health care environment (3. Bean, 2005). How I Would Like to be Mentored as I Start My Nursing Career As I approach the end of my studies, apprehension and doubt has already begun to set in.It is compounded by the lack of clinical experience, and the fact that we will be practicing in a foreign country, with alien cultures and customs. Effie Amerson’s article especially struck me because I have had recurring dreams about starting my career, and fumbling so momentously that I was instantly sent home for being incompetent. In one such dream, I am assisting a mentally ill patient to the rest room and become tangled in the intravenous line and rip it out.Like Effie I felt there was no way anyone in the noble profession could abide by such incompetence and clumsiness. Inevitably we criticize ourselves the harshest, this can inspire us to either work harder or give up completely. I would like a mentor who is honest and has integrity; one who is patient and remembers what it is like to be where I am now. The benefit of learning from someone who has successfully walked in the same shoes can help in areas you may not even have realized you needed help.I would like the person to serve as a guide and support; willing to stand back enough to allow me to develop personally and professionally, but sensitive to where his/her input is needed. I would like a mentor who is not overly critical, but at the same time assertive enough to let me know when I could have done something better, or improve in some way. I want someone with whom I can develop a trusting relationship. Someone who I can depend on to give me accurate information, even if it means admitting they are unsure of the answer. I would like a mentor who is stoic in times of confusion and emergencies, to establish an environment conducive to learning, and give me the courage to remain calm in the face of the impending storm. Overall I would like a mentor to help me achieve the knowledge and character required to attain my nursing career goals superlatively. How I Plan to Mentor the Junior Student From my readings I have tried to ascertain what would be demanded of a good mentor, and how this information could be applied to mentoring a practical nursing student.I was vacillating between hands on instructions about time management, which was a major problem for me; and dealing with the pressures of exams and feeling overwhelmed with the amount of information to be retained. Then I remember that a good mentor is not a parental substitute, in addition unique personalities’ manifest unique problems; therefore my mentee may not have the issues I had with time management or being overwhelmed with the informa tion to be retained. I want to provide the benefit of the knowledge and experience I have gained, keeping in mind that different personalities make each situation different.I would try to maintain a positive outlook to offer encouragement. I think the most important aspect would be offering encouragement; the course is a challenging one and requires perseverance to see it through. I would try to actively listen to what my mentee is saying so I can offer the best advice I can. I would offer constructive criticism if necessary, pointing out areas that needed improvement being careful to focus on the behavior not the character of the mentee.I would try to give insight about staying on track and setting goals and prioritizing. Overall I would try to offer the support and encouragement to learn and ultimately improve.References 1. Canadian Operating Room Nursing Journal, Mentoring The Magic Partnership, Shelia L. Allen RN, BSN, CNOR, CRNFA, December 2006 2. Gastroenterology Nursing, The Inspiring Leader, Effie Amerson MSN, RN, 2005 3. Gastroenterology Nursing, Mentoring, Kathy B. Bean PhD, RN, CGRN, APRN, BC, Editor, 2005 How to cite Nursing Experiencing Mentorship Reflection of Practice, Papers

Taxation free essay sample

The issue here is, can the Bureau of Internal Revenue collect the full amount of estate tax from an inheritance? era vs. Fernandez, 89 SCRA 199 The Bureau of Internal Revenue filed a mouon for allowance of claim and payment of taxes on the estate tax deficiencies in 1963 and 1964 in the intestate proceedings of Luis Tongoy. The administrator claims that It was already barred by the statute of limitation, section 2 and section 5 of rule 86 of the rules of court, which provides that all claims for money against the decedent, arising from contracts, express or Implied, whether the same be due, not due, or contingent, all claims for funeral expenses and xpenses for the last sickness of the decedent, and judgment for money against the decedent, must be filed within the time limited in the notice; otherwise they are barred forever. The Issue here Is, can the statute of non-claims of the Rules of Court bar the claim of the government for unpaid taxes? Sison vs. We will write a custom essay sample on Taxation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ancheta, 130 SCRA 654 Section 1 of BP Blg 135 amended the tax code and petitioner Antero M. Sison, as taxpayer, alleges that, he would be unduly discriminated against by the imposition of higher rates of tax upon his Income arising from the exercise of his profession vis- OF2 a-vls tnose wnlcn are Imposed upon Tlxea Income or salarlea lnOlvlOual taxpayers. He characterizes the above section as arbitrary amounting to class legislation, oppressive and capricious in character. In this case, there is a transgression of both the equal protection and due process clauses of the constitution as well as of the rule requiring uniformity in taxation. Pepsi vs. Municipality of Tanauan, 69 SCRA 460 Plaintiff-appellant Pepsi-Cola commenced a complaint with preliminary injunction to declare Section 2 of Republic Act No. 2264, otherwise known as the Local Autonomy Act, unconstitutional as an undue delegation of taxing authority as well as to declare Ordinances Nos. 23 and 27 denominated as municipal production tax of the Municipality of Tanauan, Leyte, null and void. Ordinance 23 levies and collects from soft drinks producers and manufacturers a tax of one-sixteenth of a centavo for every bottle of soft drink corked, and Ordinance 27 levies and collects on soft drinks produced or manufactured within the territorial Jurisdiction of this municipality a tax of one centavo on each gallon of volume capacity. Aside from the undue delegation of uthority, appellant contends that it allows double taxation, and that the subject ordinances are void for they impose percentage or specific tax. Pascual vs. Public Works, 110 Phil. 331 Governor Wenceslao Pascual of Rizal instituted this action for declaratory relief, with injunction, upon the ground that RA No. 920, which apropriates funds for public works particularly for the construction and improvement of Pasig feeder road terminals. Some of the feeder roads, however, as alleged and as contained in the tracings attached to the petition, were nothing but projected and planned ubdivision roads, not yet constructed within the Antonio Subdivision, belonging to private respondent Zulueta, situated at Pasig, Rizal; and which projected feeder roads do not connect any government property or any important premises to the main highway. The respondents contention is that there is public purpose because people living in the subdivision will directly be benefitted from the construction of the roads, and the government also gains from the donation of the land supposed to be occupied by the streets, made by its owner to the government.

Air Pollution in Bangkok Essays

Air Pollution in Bangkok Essays Air Pollution in Bangkok Paper Air Pollution in Bangkok Paper 696 vehicles were registered. This factor, along with the lack of efficient ass transit system, has led to the citys traffic problem. The average speed of traffic in the inner zone of Bangkok is as slow as 8-5 km per hour. Researches have shown that vehicles accounted for approximately of Knox emissions, 54% of PM* (particulate matter) emissions and about 100% of hydrocarbon emissions. According to a research paper on Fighting Urban Air Pollution: From Plan to Action, in the year 1999, nearly 4 million cars were registered in Bangkok, in addition to 1. 5 million motorcycles. Concentration amount of particulate of sees than 10 micron (IMO) and carbon monoxide (CO) in the atmosphere have been found to exceed the acceptable standard, while the level of hydrocarbon (HCI), Knox, and ozone have been increasing. Besides, it has also been found that more than 1 million Bangkok residents have been suffered from air pollution related illness. Based on the information obtained from a thesis on Air Pollution and Lung Cancer by a doctor degree at MUSIC, apart from mobile sources, factories are the major contributor of pollution.

Excavating the Empty Tomb Essay

Excavating the Empty Tomb Essay Excavating the Empty Tomb Essay Essay on Excavating the empty Tomb: The author of the movie â€Å"general assertion is that the authenticity of the new gospel† is not genuine. The author believes that the books of the new gospel Mark, Matthew, Luke and John are all fabricated as illustrated by (Top Documentaries, online). The author sees these new gospel books as fictional books that were drawn up by authors who were interested in coming up with formidable stories that they wanted the public to read and be fascinated about. The assertions that are illustrated by the author seem to be true. This is because all the assertions that the author are supported with facts. What the author asserts are really interesting and fascinating. This is because first of the statement made about the gospel of Mark. All the old versions of the gospel of Mark did not contain the verses starting with chapter nine. These verses had initially been omitted but eventually were found inserted in the versions that were written later. This is very controversial since the verses that were later inserted seemed to solely support the verdict that Jesus had risen as of the deceased. Although this seems circumstantial with the fact that the general writing flow of these chapters stress on the fact the Jesus arose from the dead along with that he is the only one to be worshipped. The author has very strong arguments against the resurrection of Christ which are strongly supported by the basic facts that he makes through the documentary as explained by (Build Forum, online). Since the books of the gospel were also written anonymously as nobody really knows who their authors are and this is a proven fact. If no one really knows the authors of these books, then their credibility is seriously questioned. The trends that are evident in the documentary are the omission of the last chapters in the gospel of Mark. We note that the earlier versions of Mark’s gospel did not contain the chapters 9 through to 16. To me, this seems an omission and an inclusion in the new version makes the documents questionable. This makes me doubt the whole authenticity of the bible. If these chapters were initially not present, then just along the writing of the new version, some of the bits included make it unbelievable. The whole editing of the gospels to include the new chapters in the later stages make it seem shrouded with mystery. This is really disturbing to note that the earlier version might have been the correct one. The apparent lack of authors of the gospel of the New Testament further put the writings of the bible in complete mystery. What if the bible stories were written as fiction stories just like the odyssey stories? This could help in illustrating how the fictional nature of the bo ok of Mark is. The author of Mark is mysterious and we are shrouded in mystery. How can a book that is written by a mysterious author be credible? The new knowledge that I have acquired from the documentary is the writing history of the New Testament gospels. The detailed history on how all the books of gospel were written has given me a new insight about the build in the writing of books in the bible. The illustration on how the book of Mark was first written is really of interest. The interesting bit of the new versions of the gospel of Mark is on it insisting on the resurrection of Christ. Since the other gospels Mathew, Luke and John were written after the book of Mark, they contain the same message but curiously insist on the last chapters of the book of Mark as noted by (Mindscape, online). The insight of this knowledge was the curiosity in the writing of the books on how the authors were able to read the thoughts of Jesus. Reading someone’s thoughts is something that is impossible and no man can accomplish it unless through miracles. The later books also seem to give more detailed explanations that the original bo ok which is unusual as some of the books described were not present in the book of Mark. The part of the documentary which I disagree with is the parallelism of relation of the events between the odyssey stories and the description of the book of Mark. I think this was a coincidence and the need of the author to find out something that he could compare with his story so as to support the facts. There is no relation whatsoever about the story of a living man and the life history of Christ as noted by (Andrea, online). Since the odyssey story was fictional story, one cannot just pinpoint that the gospel of Mark was also fictional. We normally have fictional stories which are derived or similar to the actual stories. The insistence of Christ that no one tells other his people of who he is was a way to fulfill his will. Without hiding his identity, the purpose which he had been sent to earth to fulfill could not be accomplished. This is in total contrast with what the author wants us to really believe. The story of Jesus Christ on earth cannot be compared with fictional stor ies. Things that Jesus Christ performed were miracles and can never be explained through science history of mathematics.